Cadaver preservative properties of a solution composed of honey, ethyl alcohol, liquid paraffin, distilled water and citric acid: Experiments on rabbit cadavers.

The objective of this study is to assess the efficacy of a solution including honey, ethyl alcohol, liquid paraffin, distilled water and citric acid (HEFS) as a preservative for rabbit cadavers, serving as a potential substitute for formaldehyde. The cadavers underwent preservation using three distinct solutions: 10% formalin, 35% alcohol and HEFS. The cadavers were subjected to a total of four sampling events, occurring at 4-month intervals, in order to collect specimens for microanatomical, histological, microbiological, mycological, colourimetric, texture and odour analysis. In terms of hardness, suitability for dissection and joint mobility metrics, the cadavers fixed with HEFS had superior qualities to those fixed with formalin. The fixation quality of HEFS for histological analyses was deemed acceptable, except kidney and intestinal tissues. In texture analysis, differences only in the elasticity parameter (p < 0.05) in the same sampling period. A total of 10 (13.9) bacteria isolates were identified among which, Metasolibacillus meyeri 3 (30%) was predominantly followed by Staphylococcus aureus 2 (20%), Bacillus siamensis, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudarthrobacter oxydans, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus subtilis subsp. subtilis with a proportion of 1 (10%), respectively, by both microbiological and molecular analysis. However, no anaerobic bacteria and fungi were isolated. A considerable percentage of the students had the perception that HEFS was appropriate for utilization in laboratory settings due to its absence of unpleasant odours and detrimental impact on ocular and respiratory functions. In conclusion, we consider that HEFS may serve as a viable substitute for formalin solution in the preservation of rabbit cadavers.

Lancefield classification and antimicrobial resistance of hemolytic streptococci isolated from bovine mastitis.

Streptococcal species are known to be responsible for bovine mastitis. The aim of the present study was to determine antimicrobial drug resistance patterns of hemolytic streptococci distributed according to Lancefield serogrouping. Streptococcus sp. strains were isolated from 124 bovine milk samples from 31 cows with subclinical or clinical mastitis submitted to Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Microbiology Laboratory in Burdur province, Turkey from January 2015 to January 2017. A total of 63 Streptococcus sp. were isolated and the most frequently obtained isolates were classified as Lancefield's serogroup B (84.13%), the remaining isolates as serogroup F (15.87%). Out of 63 isolates, 53 (84.13%) showed beta­hemolytic activity whereas 10 (15.87%) alpha­hemolytic activity. Antimicrobial resistance was assessed by disk diffusion test against the most common antibiotics used in the field. Among the 63 Streptococcus sp. tested, the highest antimicrobial resistance patterns were observed for neomycin (95.24%), trimethoprim sulphamethoxazole (87.30%) and gentamicin (69.84%). None of the isolates showed resistance to amoxicillin­clavulanic acid, except for one serogroup F isolate. The resistance rates for the other antimicrobials ranged from 1.59% to 38.04%. A total of 50 isolates exibited multi­drug resistance to ≥ 3 antimicrobial agents tested. Overall, our results suggested that there is an urgent need to enhance awareness among the dairy farmers in choosing the appropriate drug for treating mastitis.